动态硫化工艺对EPDM/PP相态结构及力学性能的影响

采用透射电镜(TEM)研究二次硫化的加工工艺对EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体相态结构及力学性能的影响,研究发现,与传统的一次硫化的加工工艺相比,采用二次硫化加工工艺制备的EPDM/PP弹性体,硫化橡胶能以颗粒态均匀分散于PP的连续相中,其力学性能也较一次硫化制备的样品有较大提高。     

PBH/PP及PBH/CaCO_3/PP共混改性研究

采用自制的负载钛催化剂[TiCl4/MgCl2-Al(i-Bu)3],合成了1-丁烯-1-己烯共聚物(PBH)。用己烯摩尔含量为2%、7%、20%的PBH对PP进行共混,研究了共混物的力学性能;以己烯初始摩尔含量为30%的PBH作为CaCO3的载体,填充PP,并与未采用载体的CaCO3填充体系进行比较。结果表明:随着PBH含量的增加,在共混物拉伸强度、弯曲强度、硬度有一定下降的同时,冲击强度则明显提高,己烯摩尔含量大的PBH增韧改性PP的效果更好;以PBH作为载体的CaCO3,随着其含量的增加,共混物的冲击强度明显增大,而拉伸强度、弯曲强度、硬度却有一定程度的下降。与无PBH载体CaCO3填充PP的规律明显不同。     

端羟基聚乳酸改性HTPB/液化MDI型聚氨酯的研究

用液化改性MDI、丁羟胶(HTPB)和端羟基聚乳酸(PLA-OH)为原料，合成一系列不同结构的聚氨酯弹性体，并对这些聚合物进行了红外结构、力学性能、热稳定性的研究，初步探讨了其在37℃KH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液(pH=7．0)中的降解性能。     

弹性聚四氟乙烯／聚氨酯复合薄膜性能的研究

在聚四氟乙烯树脂（PTFE）中加入热塑性弹性体聚氨酯（TPU），制备出了有弹性的微孔复合薄膜，有效地改进了唧双向拉伸薄膜受力后的回复性。在复合薄膜中，加入经偶联剂处理的纳米二氧化硅，有利于TPU在PTFE中的均匀分散，从而提高复合薄膜的弹性。随着TPU含量的增加薄膜回复性也提高，双向拉伸倍率的增大可以导致薄膜回复性能有所下降，SEM分析证明了在PTFE中加入TPU可以增大复合薄膜的微孔尺寸。     

Lab-scale feasibility study on new elastomer comprising chloroprene and acrylonitrile for oil and gas applications

The limited options of suitable elastomers with adequate cost-performance balance drive the necessity to introduce new materials in the oil & gas (O&G) application space. The relevance of a recently developed copolymer of chloroprene and acrylonitrile (referred to as acrylonitrile–chloroprene rubber or NCR) to O&G applications is described in this technical contribution. The new elastomer demonstrates adequate physical properties and reasonably good high and low-temperature capabilities. It offers good resistance to several aqueous and non-aqueous fluids with low volume swelling and retains its physical properties to reasonable extents while exposed to hot test oils. Acrylonitrile–chloroprene rubber has been found to sustain “sour gas” exposure. Good abrasion resistance, high tear strength, and remarkably high flex-fatigue resistance coupled with low heat build-up reflect its durability under dynamic conditions. In addition, acrylonitrile–chloroprene rubber can very well withstand the rapid gas decompression test at 25°C. This unique combination of attributes may allow acrylonitrile–chloroprene rubber to be considered as a candidate material for high-performance O&G applications.     

Chemiresistor sensor using elastomer-functionalized carbon nanotube nanocomposites for the detection of gasoline spills

Two types of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-based elastomer nanocomposites are used as a sensor material for the detection of gasoline spills by applying the interdigitated electrode (IDE) device. MWNT-g-polyisoprene (PI) and Si-MWNT/natural rubber (NR) are prepared by applying “grafting-from” and “grafting-to” process, respectively. When compared based on the identical condition of gasoline sensing test, the maximum response value to the exposure of gasoline is 17.5 for MWNT-g-PI sensor and 12.9 for Si-MWNT/NR sensor, which reach the maximum in less than 3 min. The MWNT-g-PI sensor selectively detects gasoline, and its response is completely reversible. It shows that the longer chain length of PI brings about the larger response of MWNT-g-PI sensor to gasoline. The sensitivity of MWNT-g-PI sensor highly depends on both how much gasoline is exposed to the sensor and what bias voltage is applied to the IDE device. The IDE sensor using MWNT-g-PI nanocomposites effectively detects gasoline spills.     

EVA/聚酰胺弹性体微孔发泡材料的制备与性能表征

选用乙烯?醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）与市面上制备工艺最成熟的聚酰胺12弹性体（PEBAX）共混挤出,制得EVA/PEBAX复合材料,再使用模压成型工艺将其进行化学发泡,制备出新型的EVA/PEBAX微孔发泡材料。结果表明,EVA/PEBAX复合材料可成功进行化学发泡,相比于传统EVA发泡材料,其性能有所提升,当PEBAX含量为5 %（质量分数,下同）、发泡剂含量为1 %时,性能最优;该聚酰胺弹性体基发泡材料不仅性能更优,同时还兼具了成本低的优势,具有替代传统EVA发泡鞋材的前景。     

Linear actuation in coextruded dielectric elastomer tubes

Cylindrical fibre actuators have been constructed by a coextrusion method using a thermoplastic polyurethane wall and a conductive grease filler. These actuators may be operated as single fibres or bundled together as actuating ropes. Key results include the validation of Carpi’s wall pressure model [F. Carpi, D.D. Rossi, Dielectric elastomer cylindrical actuators: electromechanical modelling and experimental evaluation, Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Biomimetic Supramol. Syst. 24 (2004) 555–562] and the proof-of-concept demonstration of a technique that can be used for producing inexpensive dielectric elastomer actuators on an industrial scale.